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Krishi Gyan
29 Oct
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Cultivation of Cabbage

In India, the timing for sowing cabbage depends on the region and climate. Generally, cabbage is a cool-weather crop and is cultivated during the winter season in most parts of the country. When grown in warmer seasons, its leaves tend to open up, negatively affecting its weight and taste. In this post, we will go through the complete information on the ideal climate, soil selection, sowing time, seed quantity, field preparation, fertilizer management, irrigation, weed management, and pest and disease control.

How to Cultivate Cabbage?

Suitable Climate

  • Cabbage is a cool-season crop that grows best in temperate climates with an average temperature range of 15-20°C. In India, cabbage is cultivated in winter in the northern plains and during the summer in mountainous areas. In some regions, it is sown from April to June and also from September to December.

Soil Selection

  • Choosing the right soil is a crucial factor for cabbage cultivation as it can affect the yield and quality of the crop. Cabbage can be successfully grown in black and loamy soils. Good yields can also be obtained in sandy soils. It performs better in soil rich in organic matter, and the soil should have good water-holding capacity. The soil pH should ideally range between 6 and 6.5.

Sowing Time

  • For early varieties, the sowing season is from August to September, while late varieties should be sown between September and October. In hilly areas, cabbage is cultivated from March to June.

Seed Quantity

  • The seed quantity depends on the variety. Generally, for early varieties, 200 grams of seed per acre is needed, while for late varieties, 120 grams per acre is sufficient. To protect the crop from various soil-borne and fungal diseases, it is essential to treat the seeds before sowing. Soak cabbage seeds in water for 5-6 hours before sowing to facilitate germination.

Best Varieties

  • Selecting the right seeds is essential for cabbage farming. To achieve high yields and good-quality crops, choose hybrid seeds recommended by experts. For optimal yield, you can opt for varieties such as Golden Acre Cabbage Seed, Seminis Cabbage Diamond Express, Seminis SVS 1431, Seminis Shaurya, Seminis Indu, Syngenta BC-76, Syngenta BC-79, Syngenta Royal Ball, East West Seeds Marulli 201, East West Seeds Asha, East West Seeds Pulkit, Seminis Green Flash Hybrid Cabbage Seed, and Kalash Champ F1 Hybrid Cabbage.

Field Preparation

  • Start by plowing the field deeply once. Then, plow 2 to 3 times lightly to make the soil crumbly. During the last plowing, mix 10-12 kg of cow dung per acre along with 43 kg of urea, 52 kg of DAP, and 40 kg of MOP. To achieve a high-quality crop, use 4 kg of DeHaat Starter per acre while preparing the field.

Sowing Method

  • Transplant the nursery-grown seedlings in rows. Sow the seeds in the nursery with a spacing of about 1-2 cm. When the plants in the nursery have 3-4 leaves, they can be transplanted to the main field. Maintain a row spacing of 16 inches in the main field, with 20 inches between plants. Transplant in the evening and water lightly after planting.

Fertilizer Management

  • Before using fertilizers in the field to achieve good yields, soil testing must be conducted. After 30 days of planting, apply 43 kilograms of urea per acre, and again after 45 days, apply 43 kilograms of urea. For better plant development, use 5 grams of NPK 19:19:19 (DeHaat NutriOne NPK 19:19:19) per liter of water. During the formation of cabbage, use 5 grams of 13:00:45 (DeHaat NutriOne Potassium Nitrate 13:00:45) per liter of water.

Irrigation Management

  • Irrigate based on the moisture present in the soil. If the moisture is low at the time of sowing seeds, light irrigation should be done after sowing. Avoid creating waterlogging conditions in the field, as this increases the likelihood of plants rotting. Generally, irrigation should be done every 4-6 days. Irrigation is not needed when it rains.

Weed Management

  • To achieve good yields of cabbage, it is essential to keep the nursery and main field free of weeds. To deal with weed problems in the field, perform weeding as necessary. The first weeding should be done 15-20 days after sowing, and the second weeding 25-30 days after sowing. Additionally, you can keep the crop free of weeds by using chemical herbicides.

Pest and Disease Management

  • The cabbage crop is highly susceptible to pests and diseases such as diamondback moth, tobacco caterpillar, cabbage butterfly, cabbage webworm, cabbage maggot, downy mildew, wilt disease, collar rot, clubroot disease, and downy mildew. These pests and diseases can significantly reduce cabbage yields. Continuously inspect the field for any signs of these pests or diseases. Use appropriate medications at the first sign of any symptoms.

Harvesting the Crop

  • Cabbage can be harvested once it is fully developed. The crop is ready for harvest approximately 60 to 90 days after planting in the main field. After harvesting, classify the cabbage based on size and quality. They can be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place.

How much profit do you get from cabbage farming? Share your answers and experiences with us in the comments. For agricultural-related information, you can also consult experts by contacting DeHaat's toll-free number 1800-1036-110. Don't forget to like and comment on this post. For more such information, follow the 'Krishi Gyan' channel now.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: In which month is cabbage planted?
A: The planting time for cabbage may vary by region. Generally, it is cultivated in the cold season, but the best months for planting are August and September.

Q: When should cabbage seedlings be prepared?
A: The seedlings for cabbage are prepared about 4-6 weeks before transplanting them into the main field. If you want to cultivate in October, prepare the nursery in early August or September.

Q: When should cabbage be harvested?
A: Harvest cabbage once it is fully developed. The time for crop readiness may vary depending on the variety. Typically, it is harvested about 60 to 90 days after transplanting the seedlings.

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